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The Theory of Evolution The theory of evolution is based on the fact that certain traits are passed down more frequently than others. These traits allow for a greater chance to reproduce and survive for individuals, so their numbers tend to increase as time passes. Scientists have now discovered how this process operates. For instance, a study of the clawed frog showed that duplicate genes frequently serve different purposes. Evolution is an organic process Natural selection is the process that leads to organisms changing to be better adapted to the environment they reside in. It is one of the main mechanisms of evolution along with mutations as well as migrations and genetic drift. The ones with traits that help reproduction and survival are more likely to pass these characteristics on to their offspring, leading to gradual changes in gene frequencies over time. This leads to the formation of new species and the transformation of existing ones. Charles Darwin developed a scientific theory in the early 19th century that explains how organisms evolved with time. The theory is based on the idea that more offspring are produced than can survive, and that these offspring compete with each other for resources in their physical environments. This leads to an “evolutionary struggle” in which those who have the best traits win and others are eliminated. The offspring who survive transmit these genes to their children. This gives them an advantage over the other species. Over time, organisms with these traits grow in number. It is hard to imagine how natural selection could generate new traits if its main function is to eliminate individuals who aren't fit. Furthermore, most forms of natural selection reduce genetic variation within populations. As 에볼루션코리아 , it is unlikely that natural selection will result in the development of new traits unless other forces are at work. Mutation, genetic drift, and migration are the major evolutionary forces that change the frequency of genes and result in evolution. These processes are accelerated due to sexual reproduction, and the fact that each parent gives half of its genes to their offspring. These genes are called alleles and can have different frequencies in different individuals of the same species. The resulting allele frequencies determine whether the trait is dominant or recessive. In the simplest terms the definition of a mutation is a change in the structure of a person's DNA code. The change causes certain cells to develop and grow into a distinct entity, while others don't. Mutations can increase the frequency of alleles that already exist or create new ones. The new alleles will be passed on to subsequent generations, and then become the dominant phenotype. Evolution is based on natural selection Natural selection is a simple mechanism that alters the population of living organisms over time. It is the result of interactions between heritable phenotypic differences and the differential reproduction. These factors create a situation that people with beneficial traits survive and reproduce more often than those who do not have them. As time passes, this process leads to changes in the gene pool, making it more closely matched to the environment in which people reside. This is the principle that Darwin derived from his “survival of the fittest.” This is based on the assumption that different traits help individuals to adapt to their environments. These traits increase the chance of individuals to survive and reproduce, as well as produce a lot of offspring. BioMed Central states that this will eventually cause the trait to spread across the population. In the end all members of the population will have the trait, and the population will change. This is known as evolution. People who have less adaptive traits will die off or be unable to produce offspring and their genes won't be passed on to future generations. As time passes, genetically modified species will take over the population and evolve into new species. It is not a sure thing. The environment could change abruptly and the adaptions to become obsolete. Another factor that can influence the evolution process is sexual selection, in which certain traits are preferred due to their ability to increase the chances of mating with other. This can lead to bizarre phenotypes such as brightly-colored plumage on birds or huge antlers on deer. These phenotypes may not be beneficial to the organism, but they can boost their chances of survival and reproducing. Another reason why some students do not understand natural selection is that they mistake it for soft inheritance. While soft inheritance is not a necessary condition for evolution, it can be a key component of it. This is due to the fact that it allows for the random modification of DNA and the development of new genetic variants that aren't immediately useful to the organism. These mutations are later utilized as raw materials by natural selection. Evolution is based on genetics Evolution is the natural process by which the traits of a species change over time. It is influenced by a variety of factors, such as mutation, genetic drift, gene flow and horizontal gene transfer. The frequency of alleles within a population can also affect the evolution. This allows for the selection of traits that are advantageous in new environments. The theory of evolutionary change is a fundamental idea in biology with profound implications for our understanding of life. Darwin's ideas, combined with Linnaeus' concepts of relational ties and Lamarck's theories on inheritance, revolutionized the view of how traits are passed from parent to offspring. Instead of parents passing on their inherited traits through misuse or use, Darwin argued that they were favored or disadvantageed by the conditions in which they lived and passed on this knowledge to their offspring. He called this process natural selection, and his book, The Origin of Species explained how this could lead to the development of new species. Random genetic modifications, or mutations, occur in the DNA of cells. These mutations can trigger many phenotypic traits such as hair color to eye color, and are affected by a myriad of environmental variables. Some phenotypic characteristics are controlled by multiple genes, and some have multiple alleles. For instance blood type (A B or O) has three alleles. Modern Synthesis is a framework that blends Darwinian theories of evolution with Mendel's genetics. It blends macroevolutionary shifts discovered in fossil records with microevolutionary processes like genetic mutation and trait-selection. Macroevolution can take a long time to complete and is only evident in fossil records. Microevolution is, on the other hand, is a process that is more rapid and can be observed in living organisms. Microevolution is a process that is driven by mutation and genetic selection, which are smaller scales than macroevolution. It may also be accelerated through other mechanisms such as gene flow, or horizontal gene transfer. Evolution is based upon chance Evolutionists have long used the argument that evolution is a random process. This argument is faulty and it is important to know why. The argument confuses randomness and contingency. This is a mistake that originates from a misreading the nature of biological contingency, as explained by Stephen Jay Gould. He argued that the development of genetic information isn't just random, but is dependent on events that have occurred before. He was able to prove this by pointing out that DNA is a copy of DNA, and these copies depend on other molecules. In other terms, there is a causal order that is the basis of all biological processes. The argument is further flawed due to its reliance on the physical laws and the practice of science. These statements are not only not logically sound, but also incorrect. In addition, the practice of science presupposes a causal determinism that is not strict enough to account for all natural events. Brendan Sweetman's book is an attempt to provide a balanced and accessible introduction to the relationship between evolutionary theory with Christian theism. He is not a flashy author, but a patient one, which fits his objectives, which include detaching the scientific status from the implications for religion from evolutionary theory. The book might not be as comprehensive as it should be however, it provides an excellent overview of the debate. It also clarifies that the theories of evolution are well-proven and widely accepted. They are worthy of rational acceptance. However, the book is less than convincing when it comes to the question of whether God plays any part in evolution. Trading Pokemon with other trainers is a great way to save Candy and save time. The cost of evolving certain Pokemon by the traditional method, such as Feebas is decreased by trading them with other players. This is particularly beneficial for high level Pokemon that require a lot Candy to develop.